By kkhealthcarecentre 
What Are Peptic Ulcers?
Peptic ulcers are sores that form in the lining of the stomach, lower esophagus, or intestines. They occur when the tissue in the digestive system is damaged by stomach acid and digestive juices. Although typically small, these ulcers can cause significant discomfort.
Causes of Peptic Ulcers
Several factors can lead to the breakdown of the lining in the stomach, esophagus, and intestines, including:
– Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori): A bacterium that can cause stomach infections and inflammation.
– Frequent use of pain relievers like ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The risk increases for women and people over 60.
– Smoking
– Excessive alcohol consumption
– Radiation therapy
– Stomach cancer
Symptoms of Peptic Ulcers
The most common symptom is a burning pain between the navel and chest, which can range from mild to severe. This pain usually occurs a few hours after eating when the stomach is empty and tends to be worse at night and early in the morning. Other symptoms include:
– Changes in appetite
– Nausea
– Bloody or dark stools (melena)
– Significant weight loss
– Indigestion
– Vomiting
– Chest pain
Small peptic ulcers might not exhibit symptoms initially.
Complications
If left untreated, ulcers can worsen and lead to severe health issues like:
– Perforation: A hole may develop in the stomach or intestine lining, causing an infection. This condition is characterized by sudden, severe abdominal pain.
– Internal Bleeding: Bleeding ulcers can lead to significant blood loss, requiring hospitalization. Symptoms include lightheadedness, dizziness, and black stools.
– Scar Tissue: Thick tissue from an injury can obstruct food passage in the digestive tract, leading to symptoms like vomiting and weight loss.
Treatments
Treatment options include:
– Reducing risk factors like NSAID use and smoking
– Taking antacids
– Using antibiotics
– Eating a balanced diet
– Surgery in cases that do not respond to medical treatment
Preventing Peptic Ulcers
Adopting certain habits can reduce the risk of developing peptic ulcers:
– Limit alcohol consumption
– Avoid mixing alcohol with medications
– Maintain good hygiene by washing hands regularly to prevent infections
– Follow a healthy lifestyle with a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
– Quit smoking and using tobacco products
Remember, a simple life with good health is more valuable than a wealthy life without it. Make wise choices to stay healthy.