By kkhealthcarecentre 
Bell’s Palsy, also known as facial paralysis, typically affects one side of the face because the facial nerve, which controls the facial muscles, becomes damaged or compressed near the cheekbone due to inflammation as it travels from the brain to the face. The exact cause is still unknown, but it affects men and women equally, particularly those aged 15 to 60. It’s also more common in people with upper respiratory conditions, diabetes, or in women during the last trimester of pregnancy or shortly after childbirth.
Though it’s important to start treatment right away, the diagnosis of Bell’s Palsy often involves ruling out other conditions like strokes, nervous system disorders, or infections. You might need to consult an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist, who could recommend certain tests.
One common test is Electromyography (EMG), which measures how nerves and muscles respond to stimulation through electrodes placed on the face. This test can determine both the location and severity of any nerve damage. Other diagnostic tools include MRI, CT scans, or X-rays.
Symptoms include an inability to move one side of the face, loss of control over the facial muscles on the affected side, a drooping appearance, and reduced or impossible blinking. Patients may also experience headaches, drooling, tear production, and loss of taste. The sudden appearance of these symptoms might be confused with a stroke, but if the paralysis is only affecting the face, it’s likely Bell’s Palsy.
Most people recover from Bell’s Palsy within one to nine months, with those having some facial muscle movement recovering faster. Treatment usually involves Prednisolone tablets taken for ten days. Eye care is crucial since reduced blinking can dry out the eyes, so doctors might suggest artificial tear drops. If someone struggles to close their eyes while sleeping, they may be advised to tape their eyes shut. Any worsening of vision problems or increased eye irritation must be addressed by a doctor immediately.
In cases of severe nerve damage, further treatment like physiotherapy is necessary. Physiotherapy includes exercises to strengthen facial muscles and improve coordination, but doesn’t require hospitalization. At-home care should incorporate facial exercises, good dental hygiene, assistance with eating, and using pain relief when needed. Physiotherapy can also offer psychological support to the patient.
Plastic surgery might be suggested to enhance facial symmetry, but while it can improve a smile, the underlying nerve issues may persist. Botox injections on the affected side can help relax muscles and reduce contractions, and these options should only be considered in severe nerve damage cases.
Facial paralysis, particularly in women, can cause significant depression and behavioral challenges. Yoga, acupuncture, and Ayurvedic oil massages have been found to help with both the physical symptoms and mental stress. Telemedicine, which allows doctors to reassure and monitor patients remotely, has played a positive role in helping many recover fully by supporting their physiotherapy efforts and providing encouragement.